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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
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When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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A few remarks on spatial interference in visual stimuli.

Bernt Christian Skottun1

  • 1, Ullevaalsalleen 4C, 0852, Oslo, Norway. berntchrskottun@gmail.com.

Behavior Research Methods
|October 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Stimulus interference in vision experiments can reduce a stimulus

Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Psychophysics
  • Sensory neuroscience

Background:

  • Vision experiments often involve presenting multiple stimuli.
  • The impact of additional stimuli is typically attributed to physiological mechanisms.
  • Stimulus interference is often overlooked in interpreting experimental results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess stimulus interference in visual perception.
  • To investigate how combining stimuli affects their individual properties.
  • To determine if stimulus interactions alter amplitude and phase.

Main Methods:

  • Compared the sum of amplitudes of combined stimuli to the sum of individual stimulus amplitudes.
  • Measured amplitude and phase angle changes when stimuli are presented together versus alone.
Keywords:
AmplitudeCrowdingFourier transformMaskingSpatial phaseStimulusVision

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Main Results:

  • Evidence of interference between simultaneously presented stimuli was found.
  • Adding a second stimulus can alter the phase angles of the original stimulus.
  • Combined stimuli may exhibit reduced stimulus power compared to individual stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Stimulus interference is a significant factor in vision experiments.
  • The power of a stimulus can be diminished when presented with others.
  • Accounting for stimulus interference is crucial for accurate interpretation of visual perception research.