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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

3.6K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
3.6K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

1.9K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

7.9K
Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
7.9K
Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

2.9K
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
2.9K
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

34.0K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
34.0K
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

1.2K
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
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Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
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Waveguide Bragg Gratings in Ormocer®s for Temperature Sensing.

Maiko Girschikofsky1, Manuel Rosenberger2, Michael Förthner3

  • 1Applied Laser and Photonics Group, University of Applied Sciences Aschaffenburg, 63743 Aschaffenburg, Germany. maiko.girschikofsky@h-ab.de.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers fabricated embedded channel waveguide Bragg gratings in hybrid polymers. These gratings show strong performance in telecom wavelengths and varying sensitivities to temperature and humidity.

Keywords:
Bragg gratingOrmocer®humidityhybrid polymertemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Hybrid polymers offer tunable optical properties for photonic devices.
  • Waveguide Bragg gratings are crucial for wavelength-selective optical filtering and sensing.
  • Ormocer materials provide a versatile platform for integrated optics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate embedded channel waveguide Bragg gratings in Ormocer hybrid polymers.
  • To characterize their optical performance in the telecom wavelength range.
  • To investigate their sensitivity to temperature and relative humidity variations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication using a single-step phase mask technology with KrF excimer laser irradiation.
  • Characterization of Bragg grating reflection peaks, heights, and bandwidths.
  • Testing the dependency of grating performance on temperature and humidity changes.

Main Results:

  • Well-defined reflection peaks achieved within telecom wavelengths (up to 35 dB height, 95 pm bandwidth).
  • OrmoComp gratings showed significant humidity influence.
  • OrmoCore and OrmoClad gratings exhibited high temperature sensitivity (-250 pm/°C) and humidity dependency (-9 pm/%).

Conclusions:

  • Embedded channel waveguide Bragg gratings in Ormocer materials are suitable for telecom applications.
  • The choice of Ormocer material impacts grating sensitivity to environmental factors.
  • These gratings show potential for temperature and humidity sensing applications.