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Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients

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Published on: December 16, 2022

Prefrontal cortex activation during a dual task in patients with stroke.

Takayuki Mori¹, Naoyuki Takeuchi¹, Shin-Ichi Izumi²

¹Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduates School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.

|October 27, 2017

Summary

Stroke patients show lower prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation during dual-task walking, leading to greater performance decline. This suggests PFC may prioritize physical over cognitive demands in stroke survivors.

Keywords:

Dual task Gait stability Near-infrared spectroscopy Prioritization Stroke

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Science
Biomechanics

Background:

Dual-tasking challenges cognitive and physical resources, impacting performance.
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation is observed during dual-task walking, with links to performance decline in healthy individuals.
PFC activity during dual-task walking in stroke patients is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between PFC activity and dual-task interference in stroke patients.
To compare dual-task performance and PFC activation between stroke patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

14 stroke patients and 14 healthy subjects performed a calculation task while walking.
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity was measured using wearable near-infrared spectroscopy.
Cognitive performance (calculation task) and physical performance (trunk accelerations) were assessed.

Main Results:

Stroke patients exhibited significantly greater dual-task deterioration in both physical and cognitive performance compared to healthy subjects.
PFC activation was significantly lower in stroke patients during dual-task walking.
Right PFC activation correlated negatively with physical performance deterioration in stroke patients.
Left PFC activation correlated negatively with cognitive performance cost in healthy subjects.

Conclusions:

Stroke patients experience more significant dual-task interference, potentially due to lower PFC activation.
PFC activation may prioritize physical demands in stroke patients during dual-task walking.
In healthy individuals, PFC activation might prioritize cognitive demands during dual-task walking.