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Related Experiment Videos

Bloat in sheep (Ovis aries).

H W Colvin1, R C Backus

  • 1Department of Animal Physiology, University of California, Davis 95616.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. A, Comparative Physiology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Sheep are more resistant to bloat than cattle, despite expectations. Research using sheep has elucidated bloat mechanisms, including neural, respiratory, and cardiovascular insults, and rumen pressure effects.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Ruminant Physiology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Bloat is a significant concern in cattle, with most research conducted on them, while laboratory studies often use sheep.
  • Grazing behavior suggests sheep might be more prone to bloat than cattle due to selective feeding on legumes and increased chewing.
  • Despite higher bloat risk indicators, bloat is less problematic in sheep than cattle, prompting further investigation into species-specific responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological mechanisms underlying bloat in ruminants, comparing responses between sheep and cattle.
  • To understand the role of rumen function, eructation, and intrarumen pressure in bloat development and severity.
  • To determine the factors contributing to the observed difference in bloat susceptibility between sheep and cattle.

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Main Methods:

  • Laboratory experiments utilizing sheep to study frothy bloat, eructation pathways, and rumen motility during bloat.
  • Comparative studies feeding sheep and cattle diets with varying textures (scabrous vs. nonscabrous) to assess intrarumen pressure and motility responses.
  • Electrode implantation in sheep reticulorumen to confirm sequences of contractions and their relationship with intrarumen pressure.

Main Results:

  • Experiments with sheep preceded those in cattle for studying frothy bloat, anti-frothing agents, and eructation.
  • Sheep experiments provided evidence that rumen motility persists during acute bloat and confirmed the pathway of eructated gas.
  • Sheep demonstrated greater resistance than cattle to increased intrarumen pressure and altered rumen contractions when fed nonscabrous diets.

Conclusions:

  • Death from legume bloat in sheep is attributed to neural, respiratory, and cardiovascular insult from rumen distension.
  • Sheep exhibit a higher resistance to the negative effects of increased intrarumen pressure compared to cattle.
  • Research on sheep has been crucial in understanding bloat pathophysiology, including rumen motility and the impact of diet texture.