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Related Concept Videos

Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

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Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia,...
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Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis01:24

Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

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The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
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Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

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Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model01:14

Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model

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The link model is a fundamental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) approach to account for delayed drug responses when the observed effect does not immediately correlate with the drug's plasma concentration peak. This delay is mathematically addressed by introducing an effect compartment concentration, Ce, which is kinetically linked to the plasma concentration, Cp, via a first-order rate constant, ke0. The linkage allows for a more accurate prediction of drug effects over time. A...
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Erythropoiesis Research - A Simplified Pipeline for Assessing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
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Stress Erythropoiesis Model Systems.

Laura F Bennett1, Chang Liao1, Robert F Paulson2

  • 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease. Laura Bennett and Robert Paulson are Intercollege Graduate Program in Genetics. Robert Paulson and Chang Liao are Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores stress erythropoiesis, a distinct red blood cell production process crucial for oxygen delivery during anemia or hypoxia. Researchers detail methods to study this in mice and humans.

Keywords:
AnemiaBone marrow transplantHypoxiaIn vitro cultureMethylcellulose colony assaysPhenylhydrazine induced acute hemolytic anemiaStress erythropoiesis

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Lentiviral-mediated Knockdown During Ex Vivo Erythropoiesis of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Physiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Steady-state erythropoiesis in bone marrow maintains lifelong red blood cell homeostasis.
  • Senescent erythrocytes are cleared by splenic macrophages.
  • Anemic or hypoxic stress triggers a compensatory response to enhance oxygen delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate stress erythropoiesis, a key response to anemia and hypoxia.
  • To understand the distinct progenitor cells and signals involved in stress erythropoiesis.
  • To present techniques for studying stress erythropoiesis in mice and humans.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of in vivo techniques for studying stress erythropoiesis in mice.
  • Description of in vitro culture systems for analyzing stress erythropoiesis.
  • Exploration of extending mouse models to human stress erythropoiesis studies.

Main Results:

  • Stress erythropoiesis is extramedullary in adult mice (spleen, liver) and fetal liver.
  • Distinct progenitor cells and signaling pathways are utilized in stress erythropoiesis compared to steady-state.
  • Genes affecting stress erythropoiesis may not impact steady-state erythropoiesis.

Conclusions:

  • Stress erythropoiesis is a specialized process critical for adapting to low oxygen conditions.
  • Mouse models provide valuable insights into stress erythropoiesis mechanisms.
  • In vitro systems offer a platform for studying both murine and human stress erythropoiesis.