Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

959
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
959
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

2.3K
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
2.3K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.3K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.3K
Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

758
Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
758
Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

736
Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
736
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.9K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficacy of radial shock wave therapy for ankle spasticity in patients with stroke within 3 months of onset: a prospective quasi-experimental study.

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Multiple Near-Infrared Chromisms of a Heteromerous Overcrowded Ethylene with Large Permanent Dipole Moment.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

A Kinetically Stabilized Nitrogen-Doped Triangulene Cation: Stable and NIR Fluorescent Diradical Cation with Triplet Ground State.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2023
Same author

Synthesis and Isolation of a Kekulé Hydrocarbon with a Triplet Ground State.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2022
Same author

Synthesis and Isolation of a Kinetically Stabilized Crystalline Triangulene.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2021
Same author

HOMO-LUMO Energy-Gap Tuning of π-Conjugated Zwitterions Composed of Electron-Donating Anion and Electron-Accepting Cation.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes
09:17

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes

Published on: January 30, 2015

12.4K

Electrogenerated Cationic Reactive Intermediates: The Pool Method and Further Advances.

Jun-Ichi Yoshida1, Akihiro Shimizu1, Ryutaro Hayashi1

  • 1Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan.

Chemical Reviews
|October 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This review explores electrochemistry for generating and accumulating organic cation pools. These intermediates can then react with nucleophiles, offering a versatile synthetic strategy.

More Related Videos

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.7K
Rapid in-silico Battery Electrolyte Electrochemical Reaction Generation using 3T-VASP Multi-Scale Energy Minimization
05:37

Rapid in-silico Battery Electrolyte Electrochemical Reaction Generation using 3T-VASP Multi-Scale Energy Minimization

Published on: August 22, 2025

711

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes
09:17

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes

Published on: January 30, 2015

12.4K
Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.7K
Rapid in-silico Battery Electrolyte Electrochemical Reaction Generation using 3T-VASP Multi-Scale Energy Minimization
05:37

Rapid in-silico Battery Electrolyte Electrochemical Reaction Generation using 3T-VASP Multi-Scale Energy Minimization

Published on: August 22, 2025

711

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Electrochemistry is a powerful tool for generating reactive intermediates like organic cations.
  • Reactive intermediates are typically used immediately upon generation or accumulated as a pool for later reactions.
  • Accumulating intermediates offers greater synthetic flexibility than in-situ generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for generating and accumulating cationic reactive intermediates using electrochemistry.
  • To discuss the subsequent reactions of these accumulated intermediates with nucleophiles.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical generation of reactive intermediates.
  • Accumulation of intermediates in solution to form a 'pool'.
  • Reaction of the accumulated pool with subsequently added nucleophilic partners.

Main Results:

  • Modern electrochemical techniques enable efficient generation and accumulation of cationic intermediates.
  • This 'pool' strategy allows for controlled reactions with various nucleophiles.
  • The review highlights the versatility of this approach in organic synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Electrochemical generation and accumulation of cationic intermediates provide a flexible and versatile synthetic route.
  • This method expands the utility of short-lived reactive species in organic chemistry.
  • The review underscores the potential of electrochemistry in modern synthetic strategies.