Ubiquitous Nonlocal Entanglement with Majorana Zero Modes

Area of Science:

• Quantum Mechanics
• Quantum Information Science
• Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

• Quantum entanglement challenges local realism, a fundamental concept in physics.
• Bell inequalities, such as the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality, are used to detect entanglement.
• Quantum systems can exist in both entangled and nonentangled states.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate entanglement in a minimal complexity system using Majorana zero modes.
• To demonstrate that all states within the degenerate Majorana space exhibit nonlocal entanglement.
• To propose measurement protocols for detecting these entangled states.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing a theoretical framework based on six Majorana zero modes.
• Analyzing the properties of states within the degenerate Majorana space.
• Developing measurement strategies employing intermediate strength or weak measurement techniques.

Main Results:

• All allowed states in the six Majorana zero mode system are found to be nonlocally entangled.
• The study confirms the presence of quantum nonlocality in this minimal setup.
• Feasible experimental protocols for measuring CHSH-violating correlations are presented.

Conclusions:

• A minimal system of six Majorana zero modes inherently exhibits nonlocal entanglement.
• The findings provide a pathway for experimentally verifying quantum nonlocality in such systems.
• This research contributes to the understanding of entanglement in topological quantum matter.