[Current Status of Targeted Treatment in Breast Cancer]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pharmacology
• Genetics

Background:

• Breast cancer treatment has seen significant progress, especially with targeted therapies.
• Understanding drivers of malignant growth and resistance mechanisms in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer is crucial.
• HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers present unique challenges and therapeutic avenues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in targeted therapies for various breast cancer subtypes.
• To highlight the impact of new drugs on progression-free survival and treatment efficacy.
• To discuss emerging strategies and the role of predictive biomarkers in personalized breast cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent clinical trial data and therapeutic guidelines.
• Analysis of targeted therapies including CDK4/6 inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, and HER2-targeted agents.
• Evaluation of novel treatment strategies such as angiogenesis inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and PARP-inhibitors.

Main Results:

• CDK4/6 inhibitors (e.g., palbociclib) and mTOR inhibitors enhance endocrine therapy efficacy in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.
• Pertuzumab combined with Trastuzumab and chemotherapy significantly improves outcomes in HER2-positive breast cancer.
• Bevacizumab is approved for triple-negative breast cancer, increasing progression-free survival.

Conclusions:

• Targeted therapies have substantially improved outcomes for patients with hormone-receptor-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer.
• Emerging strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP-inhibitors show promise for various breast cancer types.
• Development of predictive biomarkers is essential for guiding targeted therapy selection and optimizing treatment outcomes.