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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

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The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
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Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Heart Failure.

Mohamed S Morsy1, Dwight A Dishmon1, Nadish Garg1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|October 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is linked to heart failure, causing calcium and magnesium imbalances. This condition can harm heart muscle and blood vessels, leading to adverse outcomes.

Keywords:
Heart failureHypocalcemiaHypomagnesemiaSecondary hyperparathyroidism

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a known complication of chronic kidney disease.
  • SHPT is increasingly recognized in heart failure patients, particularly those with aldosteronism.
  • This condition can lead to electrolyte imbalances like hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the occurrence of SHPT in heart failure.
  • To discuss the adverse systemic consequences of SHPT in heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on SHPT in the context of heart failure and aldosteronism.

Main Results:

  • SHPT is associated with aldosteronism in heart failure.
  • Electrolyte wasting (calcium, magnesium) contributes to SHPT.
  • Elevated parathyroid hormone causes intracellular calcium overload and oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • SHPT is a significant complication in heart failure patients.
  • Adverse outcomes include myocyte and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction.
  • Further research into managing SHPT in heart failure is warranted.