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Breach: Host Membrane Penetration and Entry by Nonenveloped Viruses

Chandra Shekhar Kumar1, Debajit Dey1, Sukanya Ghosh1

  • 1Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.

Trends in Microbiology
|October 29, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Nonenveloped viruses use diverse mechanisms to disrupt host membranes for entry. Viral peptides, acting as cell-penetrating peptides, are key to this process and may offer therapeutic potential for gene transfer.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Nonenveloped viruses breach host cell membranes to deliver their genetic material.
  • This membrane disruption is a complex process involving viral components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent data on viral peptide externalization from capsids.
  • To elucidate mechanisms of viral peptide-mediated membrane penetration.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of these viral components.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways for viral peptide deployment.
  • Examination of viral peptide structure-function relationships.
  • Assessment of membrane physicochemical properties and host factors.

Main Results:

  • Viral peptides are deployed from the capsid interior through conformational changes.
  • Membrane penetration is influenced by peptide structure and membrane properties.
  • Nonenveloped virus components represent a class of cell-penetrating peptides.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding viral entry mechanisms provides insights into host-pathogen interactions.
  • Viral membrane-penetrating peptides show promise for gene therapy applications.
Keywords:
amphipathicdisassemblymembrane penetrationnonenvelopedpeptidesvirus

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