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Seafood from a changing Arctic.

Max Troell1,2, Arne Eide3, John Isaksen4

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Climate change will significantly alter Arctic seafood production, affecting marine food webs and fisheries. While some stocks may decline, others, like Barents Sea cod, could benefit, but aquaculture faces challenges.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Climate Science
  • Fisheries Management

Background:

  • Arctic marine ecosystems are undergoing rapid environmental shifts due to climate change.
  • Seafood production, encompassing both capture fisheries and aquaculture, is vital to the Arctic economy and food security.
  • Understanding future impacts is crucial for sustainable management and adaptation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on climate change impacts on Arctic seafood production.
  • To project potential changes in Arctic marine food webs and fisheries over the next 40-100 years.
  • To assess challenges and uncertainties for Arctic aquaculture in a warming climate.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing scientific studies and data.
  • Analysis of projected climate change scenarios for the Arctic region.
  • Synthesis of findings on species distribution, stock dynamics, and aquaculture viability.

Main Results:

  • Anticipated large-scale changes in Arctic marine food webs and species distribution.
  • Potential for northward shifts in aquatic species, impacting existing fisheries.
  • Mixed outcomes for fish stocks, with some facing negative consequences and others, like Barents Sea cod, potentially increasing.
  • Arctic aquaculture, primarily Norwegian salmon farming, faces current and future challenges, including negative impacts on growth, with economic uncertainties.

Conclusions:

  • Climate change presents significant challenges and opportunities for Arctic seafood production.
  • Adaptation strategies are needed to address shifts in fisheries and support aquaculture.
  • Further research is required to fully understand the long-term economic implications of climate change on Arctic aquaculture.