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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Oogenesis02:07

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Infertility in Males01:23

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
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Teratogenicity01:07

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
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Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

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No-271-Delayed Child-Bearing.

Jo-Ann Johnson1, Suzanne Tough1

  • 1Calgary, AB.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|October 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delayed child-bearing is rising and linked to higher infertility and pregnancy risks. This guideline helps healthcare providers counsel women on reproductive choices and associated medical risks.

Keywords:
Maternal agedelayed child-bearinglate maternal ageoocyte donationreproductive technology

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Delayed child-bearing has significantly increased in recent decades.
  • This trend is associated with elevated risks of infertility, pregnancy complications, and adverse outcomes.
  • Canadian women require optimized counseling and care regarding their reproductive decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of delayed child-bearing.
  • To outline the implications of delayed child-bearing for women and healthcare providers.
  • To offer a framework for addressing the challenges associated with delayed child-bearing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed and Cochrane Library (2000-2010) using keywords like 'delayed child-bearing', 'maternal age', and 'assisted reproductive technology'.
  • Inclusion of MeSH terms such as 'maternal age' and 'fertility'.
  • Searches of internet resources and medical specialty societies for guidelines and position statements.

Main Results:

  • Maternal age is a critical determinant of fertility; obstetric and perinatal risks escalate with increasing maternal age.
  • Many women lack awareness regarding assisted reproductive technology (ART) success rates and limitations.
  • Delayed child-bearing carries increased medical risks, including multiple births, preterm delivery, stillbirth, and Cesarean section.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare providers must be equipped to counsel women effectively on the risks and realities of delayed child-bearing.
  • Guidelines are essential to support informed reproductive choices for women.
  • Addressing the knowledge gap regarding ART and maternal age-related risks is crucial.