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The Interrelations Between Social Class, Personal Relative Deprivation, and Prosociality.

Mitchell J Callan1, Hyunji Kim1, Ana I Gheorghiu1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.

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|October 31, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Personal relative deprivation (PRD), the feeling of being worse off than peers, reduces prosocial behavior. Social class alone doesn't predict helping, but PRD and subjective SES together reveal both are linked to less helping behavior.

Keywords:
personal relative deprivationprosocial behaviorprosocial beliefssocial classsocioeconomic status

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Social class influences behavior, but the mechanisms are complex.
  • Prosociality, or helping behavior, is a key aspect of social functioning.
  • Personal relative deprivation (PRD) is the perception of being disadvantaged compared to similar others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PRD in the relationship between social class and prosociality.
  • To examine how objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) relate to helping behavior.
  • To understand the interplay between relative social standing and willingness to help others.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted studies across multiple samples with a total of 2,233 participants (N=2,233).
  • Utilized various measures to assess PRD, objective SES, subjective SES, and prosociality.
  • Employed statistical analyses to examine the predictive validity of these variables, both individually and simultaneously.

Main Results:

  • Higher levels of PRD were significantly associated with lower inclination to help others.
  • Neither objective nor subjective SES alone showed a meaningful association with prosociality.
  • When considered together, higher subjective SES and higher PRD were both linked to decreased prosocial behavior, acting as mutual suppressors.

Conclusions:

  • PRD is a critical mediator in the link between social class perceptions and prosocial behavior.
  • The relationship between social status and helping is nuanced, influenced by relative comparisons.
  • Understanding PRD is essential for a comprehensive view of social behavior and inequality.