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INCREASED BLINKING MAY BE A PRECURSOR OF BLEPHAROSPASM: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY.

Antonella Conte1,2, Gina Ferrazzano2, Giovanni Defazio3

  • 1Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
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Summary

Increased blinking may precede blepharospasm. A longitudinal study found that abnormal blink reflex recovery cycles indicate the development of orbicularis oculi muscle spasms in patients with initial blinking issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Increased blinking can be an early sign of neurological conditions.
  • Orbicularis oculi muscle spasms, a key feature of blepharospasm, affect eyelid function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential link between increased blinking and the subsequent development of orbicularis oculi muscle spasms.
  • To track changes in neurophysiological markers over a five-year period.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 11 patients initially presenting with isolated increased blinking.
  • Clinical and neurophysiological re-evaluations were conducted at a five-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Nine out of 11 patients developed orbicularis oculi muscle spasms by the five-year mark.
  • The blink reflex recovery cycle became abnormal, while somatosensory temporal discrimination remained unchanged from baseline.

Conclusions:

  • Increased blinking can be a precursor to blepharospasm.
  • An abnormal blink reflex recovery cycle is indicative of developing orbicularis oculi muscle spasms.