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Circadian blood pressure variation amongst people with chronic kidney diseases: A pilot study in Ibadan

Abiodun M Adeoye1, Yemi R Raji1, Adewole Adebiyi1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

The Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal
|October 31, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients exhibit significant circadian blood pressure variations, including higher daytime and nighttime hypertension. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring aids in early risk stratification for these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Circadian variation in blood pressure (BP) is linked to cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Previous studies on BP diurnal variation and cardiovascular disease have conflicting results.
  • Limited research exists on this topic for CKD patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between diurnal BP variation and cardiovascular risk factors in CKD patients.
  • To compare BP patterns in CKD patients with hypertensive patients without CKD.
  • To assess the prevalence of different circadian BP phenotypes in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 85 adult participants: 54 with CKD and 31 hypertensive without CKD.
  • Conducted 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring for all participants.
  • Assessed cardiovascular risk factors and measured left atrial diameter and left ventricular mass index.

Main Results:

  • CKD patients had higher mean clinic systolic BP and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate.
  • CKD patients exhibited higher mean 24-hour ambulatory SBP, DBP, and MAP.
  • Higher prevalence of daytime hypertension, nocturnal hypertension, and non-dipping patterns observed in CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • CKD patients demonstrate a high prevalence of varied circadian BP phenotypes.
  • Ambulatory BP monitoring can be valuable for early risk stratification in CKD.
  • Further large-scale longitudinal studies are required to determine the prognostic implications.
Abstract

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