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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

12.8K
Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

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Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management01:29

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management

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Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
719
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

3.0K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

1.5K
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA

Published on: February 9, 2011

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MRSA chronic bacterial laryngitis: A growing problem.

Patrick S Carpenter1, Katherine A Kendall1

  • 1Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah Health System, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|November 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic bacterial laryngitis, often caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), requires effective treatment. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim showed promise in resolving infections, including those with MRSA.

Keywords:
ChronicMRSAMSSAbacteriallaryngitismethicillinstaph aureus

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic bacterial laryngitis presents with persistent hoarseness and exudative laryngitis.
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a potential pathogen in refractory cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical presentation, comorbidities, treatment response, and etiology of chronic bacterial laryngitis.
  • To determine the incidence of MRSA in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 28 patients diagnosed with chronic bacterial laryngitis (2012-2016).
  • Diagnosis confirmed by clinical history, laryngoscopy, and operative biopsy in select cases.
  • Data collected on clinical presentation, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid failed to resolve infection in 52% of patients.
  • MRSA was identified in 58% of non-responders to initial therapy.
  • Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim achieved resolution in all five patients treated.

Conclusions:

  • MRSA accounts for 30% of chronic bacterial laryngitis cases.
  • Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim may be effective for MRSA-related laryngitis.
  • A treatment algorithm is proposed for managing this condition.