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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Such genes that act...
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

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[ETIOLOGY OF PROSTATE CANCER].

S Altarac, J Galić, Ž Vidas

    Acta Medica Croatica : Casopis Hravatske Akademije Medicinskih Znanosti
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Prostate cancer is a significant health concern for men. Epigenetic changes, inflammation, and gene mutations play key roles in its development and progression.

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    Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Prostate cancer represents a major health challenge in the male population.
    • Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving prostate cancer is crucial for developing effective treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the role of epigenetic modifications and genetic alterations in prostate cancer.
    • To highlight the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 in prostate cancer progression.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies investigating epigenetic regulation (promoter methylation, histone acetylation).
    • Analysis of research on the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in prostate cancer.
    • Examination of studies detailing somatic mutations in genes associated with prostate cancer.

    Main Results:

    • Epigenetic dysregulation, including promoter methylation and histone acetylation, is implicated in prostate cancer.
    • The enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is linked to inflammation and prostate cancer progression.
    • Somatic mutations in various genes contribute to the development and advancement of prostate cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Epigenetic alterations, inflammatory pathways involving COX-2, and genetic mutations are critical factors in prostate cancer.
    • Further research into these mechanisms could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer.