Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
11:06

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

5.4K

Drug-, herb- and dietary supplement-induced liver injury

María L Cavalieri1, Daniel D'Agostino2

  • 1Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Trasplante Hepático e Intestinal Pediátrico del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. maria.cavalieri@hospitalitaliano.org.ar.

Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria
|November 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Drug- and substance-induced liver injury is a significant cause of pediatric acute liver failure. Early detection and drug withdrawal are key to recovery and preventing severe outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Drug- and substance-induced liver injury (DILI) comprises about 20% of pediatric acute liver failure cases.
  • DILI arises from direct (dose-dependent) or idiosyncratic (unpredictable) hepatotoxicity.
  • Manifestations range from asymptomatic hepatitis to cholestasis with jaundice, or mixed presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms, clinical presentations, and management of DILI in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on DILI in pediatric populations.
  • Analysis of clinical, histological, and laboratory features of different DILI types.
  • Discussion of treatment strategies, focusing on drug discontinuation.

Main Results:

  • DILI presents as hepatitis, cholestasis, or mixed patterns, with variable enzyme elevations.
  • Recovery time is dependent on the specific type of liver injury.
  • Early identification and cessation of the offending agent are crucial for resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and withdrawal of the causative agent are the most effective strategies for managing DILI in children.
  • Timely intervention can significantly reduce the severity of liver injury and promote faster recovery.
Keywords:
Drug-induced liver injury

More Related Videos

The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury07:27

The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

Published on: October 21, 2017

12.4K
Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

12.1K

Related Concept Videos

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
38
Drug Toxicity: Overview01:00

Drug Toxicity: Overview

Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
36
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
35
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
29
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
291
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
213