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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

An Optimized Evans Blue Protocol to Assess Vascular Leak in the Mouse

An Optimized Evans Blue Protocol to Assess Vascular Leak in the Mouse

Published on: September 12, 2018

Methylene Blue for Vasoplegic Syndrome.

Alexander T Booth¹, Patrick D Melmer¹, Benjamin Tribble¹

¹Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

The Heart Surgery Forum

|November 1, 2017

Summary

Methylene blue (MB) effectively treats vasoplegic syndrome, a common complication after cardiac surgery. This review examines MB

Keywords:

Methylene Blue, Vasoplegia

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Vasoplegic syndrome, a form of vasodilatory shock, frequently complicates cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP).
This condition often requires prolonged, high-dose vasopressor therapy for refractory hypotension, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current data on methylene blue (MB) for treating vasoplegia in cardiac surgery.
To explore MB's mechanisms of action, optimal dosing strategies, and known side effects.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review of studies on methylene blue in cardiac surgery patients.
Analysis of data concerning efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic profiles.

Main Results:

Methylene blue demonstrates efficacy in reversing hypotension associated with vasoplegia.
Varied dosing strategies exist, with initial bolus followed by infusion being common.
Potential side effects include serotonin syndrome with concomitant serotonergic agent use.

Conclusions:

Methylene blue is a valuable therapeutic option for vasoplegic syndrome post-cardiac surgery.
Further prospective studies are needed to establish definitive dosing guidelines and fully elucidate safety profiles.