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Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

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Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
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Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

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It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data01:12

Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

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Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
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Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

253
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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A dataset quantifying polypharmacy in the United States.

Katie J Quinn1, Nigam H Shah1

  • 1Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford, California, CA 94305, USA.

Scientific Data
|November 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Polypharmacy, the use of multiple drugs, is common in the US. This study analyzed drug claims to identify frequent drug combinations, aiding future safety research.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Health Services Research
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Polypharmacy is a growing concern in the United States, contributing significantly to drug-related illness.
  • Real-world patterns of multiple drug use are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize real-world polypharmacy patterns by analyzing the incidence of multi-drug combinations.
  • To identify common drug combinations for future safety and efficacy studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of four billion patient-months of outpatient prescription drug claims from 2007-2014.
  • Grouping prescriptions into exposure windows to count concomitant drug combinations (up to five ingredients or ATC classes).

Main Results:

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  • Half of patients using any prescription drug were exposed to two or more drugs; 5% were exposed to eight or more.
  • The most frequent multi-drug combinations were for metabolic syndrome.
  • Unique drug combinations occurred in 10% of all exposure windows.

    • Conclusions:

    • This large-scale analysis provides a detailed summary of polypharmacy in a US cohort.
    • Findings can guide prioritization of common drug combinations for further investigation into safety and efficacy.