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Evaluation of Blood Lactate and Plasma Insulin During High-intensity Exercise by Antecubital Vein Catheterization
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Caffeine ingestion enhances Wingate performance: a meta-analysis.

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Caffeine supplementation can improve anaerobic performance, specifically mean and peak power output during the Wingate test. This meta-analysis confirms caffeine

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Caffeine's positive impact on aerobic performance is established.
  • Emerging evidence suggests caffeine may also enhance anaerobic performance.
  • Previous studies on caffeine and Wingate test performance yielded inconsistent results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of caffeine ingestion on anaerobic performance, specifically using the Wingate test.
  • To clarify the impact of caffeine on peak power output and mean power output.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for caffeine supplementation in anaerobic exercise.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and SportDiscus®.
  • Sixteen studies with a total of 246 participants met the inclusion criteria.
  • Random-effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMD) was used to assess peak and mean power output, with study quality evaluated using the modified PEDro checklist.

Main Results:

  • Caffeine ingestion significantly improved mean power output (SMD = 0.18, p = .005), indicating a small positive effect (+3%).
  • Caffeine ingestion also significantly enhanced peak power output (SMD = 0.27, p = .006), showing a moderate positive effect (+4%).
  • The included studies generally demonstrated good to excellent methodological quality.

Conclusions:

  • This meta-analysis provides robust evidence that caffeine ingestion enhances key components of anaerobic performance, including mean and peak power output.
  • The findings support the use of caffeine as an ergogenic aid for activities relying on anaerobic power.
  • These results can inform the development of effective, evidence-based recommendations for caffeine supplementation strategies.