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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
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Related Experiment Video

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The Olecranon Osteotomy-Facilitated Elbow Release (OFER).

Scott G Edwards1, David A Rhodes, Thomas W Jordan

  • 11The CORE Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 3Scranton Orthopaedic Specialists, Dickson City, Pennsylvania.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|November 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces the olecranon osteotomy-facilitated elbow release (OFER) for posttraumatic elbow contractures. The OFER technique safely and effectively improved elbow range of motion and reduced pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Posttraumatic elbow contractures significantly limit function.
  • Treatment options for these contractures can be challenging.
  • A novel surgical approach is needed to address refractory cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a new technique for releasing posttraumatic elbow contractures using olecranon osteotomy.
  • To evaluate the outcomes of this novel procedure.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 35 patients with refractory posttraumatic elbow contracture underwent the olecranon osteotomy-facilitated elbow release (OFER).
  • Preoperative and postoperative data on range of motion, pain (visual analog scale), and upper extremity function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH] score) were collected.
  • Radiographs were used to assess olecranon osteotomy healing.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in active elbow range of motion (33° to 110°, p < 0.001).
  • Visual analog scale pain scores decreased from 6.3 to 1.4 (p < 0.001), and DASH scores improved from 57.5 to 10.9 (p < 0.001).
  • One case of transient ulnar neurapraxia occurred; olecranon union was achieved in all patients within 7.7 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • The olecranon osteotomy-facilitated elbow release (OFER) is a safe and effective treatment for posttraumatic elbow contractures.
  • This technique offers a viable alternative to conventional open or arthroscopic methods.
  • OFER demonstrates significant functional and pain improvements in patients with challenging elbow contractures.