Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

622
In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
622
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

773
Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...
773
The Fluid Mosaic Model01:34

The Fluid Mosaic Model

179.8K
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.
179.8K
Genetic Material01:20

Genetic Material

3.8K
Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
3.8K
Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

414
The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
414
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

16.9K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comprehensive profiling of anthocyanins and their derivatives in Marselan (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) wines by UPLC-MS/MS: Influence of vintage and geographical origin.

Food chemistry: X·2026
Same author

Membrane and bioenergetic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease with REM sleep behavior disorder: A <sup>31</sup>P and <sup>1</sup>H MR study.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Hyperglycemia-driven metabolic memory signaling destabilizes METTL1 to trigger inflammatory hypertrophy and fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Acta diabetologica·2026
Same author

Ultra-high resolution Photon-Counting CTA for follow-up assessment of intracranial aneurysms after flow diverter: Initial experience.

European journal of radiology·2026
Same author

Soluble gp130 inhibits Th17 polarization in neutrophilic asthma by blocking IL-6 <i>trans</i>-signaling in dendritic cells.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

The Effects of <i>Deyeuxia purpurea</i> Wetland Degradation on Plant Communities and Key Soil Factors in the Sanjiang Plain.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Incoming US science academy chief vows to 'double down' on research.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Synthesis of enantioenriched atropisomers by biocatalytic deracemization.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Electrodeposited self-assembled molecules for perovskite photovoltaics.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Neutrino's nursery found: the 'Shadow Blaster'.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Dementia risk in middle-aged people linked to a blood protein.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: What's really happening with trust in science.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Understanding Through Technological Innovations in Psychoneuroimmunology
07:41

Author Spotlight: Advancing Understanding Through Technological Innovations in Psychoneuroimmunology

Published on: May 31, 2024

2.0K

Granular materials flow like complex fluids.

Binquan Kou1, Yixin Cao1, Jindong Li1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.

Nature
|November 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Granular materials relax differently than thermal systems. New X-ray tomography reveals particle-level dynamics, showing friction and memory effects are key, unlike in thermal glasses.

More Related Videos

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.6K
Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering
09:08

Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering

Published on: February 6, 2014

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Understanding Through Technological Innovations in Psychoneuroimmunology
07:41

Author Spotlight: Advancing Understanding Through Technological Innovations in Psychoneuroimmunology

Published on: May 31, 2024

2.0K
Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.6K
Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering
09:08

Measuring Material Microstructure Under Flow Using 1-2 Plane Flow-Small Angle Neutron Scattering

Published on: February 6, 2014

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Granular materials are disordered systems common in nature and industry.
  • Their relaxation dynamics under stress are poorly understood at the particle level.
  • Existing models often assume similarity to thermal glass-forming systems, neglecting friction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally determine the microscale relaxation dynamics of granular materials.
  • To investigate particle-level motion in three-dimensional granular systems under shear.
  • To compare granular relaxation to thermal glass systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized X-ray tomography for high-resolution imaging.
  • Applied oscillatory shear to hard granular ellipsoids.
  • Analyzed particle displacement distributions and mean squared displacement over time.

Main Results:

  • Ellipsoid displacements follow a Gumbel distribution, independent of shear strain amplitude and time.
  • Mean squared displacement exhibits power-law behavior dependent on strain amplitude and time.
  • Identified friction and memory effects influencing microscale relaxation.

Conclusions:

  • Granular material dynamics differ fundamentally from thermal glass-forming systems.
  • Granular relaxation mechanisms are more akin to complex fluids.
  • Materials demonstrate relaxation even under weak driving strain.