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Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
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[Genetic hearing loss].

Lei Tanaka-Ouyang1, Sandrine Marlin2, Jérôme Nevoux3

  • 1AP-HP, hôpital Bicêtre, service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervicofaciale, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|November 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors cause most congenital deafness, a common disability. Early diagnosis of genetic hearing loss is crucial, even in adults, as it can be the sole presenting symptom.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Audiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Deafness is the most common sensory disability, affecting over 2 in 1000 newborns.
  • Eighty percent of congenital deafness has a genetic origin.
  • Universal newborn hearing screening is implemented in France since 2012.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the genetic basis of deafness.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering genetic origins in all hearing loss cases, regardless of age of onset.
  • To underscore that genetic hearing loss can be syndromic or non-syndromic.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genetic hearing loss.
  • Analysis of prevalence data for congenital deafness.
  • Discussion of diagnostic considerations for genetic hearing loss.

Main Results:

  • Genetic factors are the predominant cause of congenital deafness.
  • Genetic hearing loss presents as either syndromic (10%) or non-syndromic (90%).
  • Hearing loss can be the initial manifestation of syndromic deafness.

Conclusions:

  • A genetic diagnosis for hearing loss should be systematically considered in all patients.
  • Genetic hearing loss is not exclusively congenital.
  • Early and systematic evaluation for genetic causes is essential for effective management.