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Published on: March 6, 2019
Congenital Lobar Emphysema in Infants
Ioana Badiu1, Anca Hiriscau1, Iulia Lupan2
1Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pediatrics, IIIrd Pediatric Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Congenital lobar emphysema, a rare infant lung disorder, was diagnosed in a 4-month-old presenting with respiratory distress. Imaging confirmed left upper lobe hyperinflation, leading to diagnosis and treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Medical Imaging
- Congenital Disorders
Background:
- Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare congenital malformation of the lung.
- It is typically diagnosed in newborns and young infants.
- Symptoms include respiratory distress, wheezing, and failure to thrive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of congenital lobar emphysema in a 4-month-old infant.
- To highlight the diagnostic utility of thoracic ultrasound and bronchoscopy.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 4-month-old infant with symptoms suggestive of CLE.
- Diagnostic imaging including thoracic ultrasound.
- Bronchoscopy to evaluate the bronchial tree.
Main Results:
- Thoracic ultrasound revealed left upper lobe hyperinflation with mediastinal displacement.
- Bronchoscopy showed bronchial tree thickening consistent with left upper lobe emphysema.
- The infant presented with shortness of breath, wheezing, and weight deficit.
Conclusions:
- Congenital lobar emphysema can present later in infancy.
- Thoracic ultrasound and bronchoscopy are valuable tools for diagnosing CLE.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing infant respiratory distress.
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