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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

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Congenital Lobar Emphysema in Infants

Ioana Badiu1, Anca Hiriscau1, Iulia Lupan2

  • 1Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pediatrics, IIIrd Pediatric Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Maedica
|November 2, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Congenital lobar emphysema, a rare infant lung disorder, was diagnosed in a 4-month-old presenting with respiratory distress. Imaging confirmed left upper lobe hyperinflation, leading to diagnosis and treatment planning.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Congenital Disorders

Background:

  • Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare congenital malformation of the lung.
  • It is typically diagnosed in newborns and young infants.
  • Symptoms include respiratory distress, wheezing, and failure to thrive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of congenital lobar emphysema in a 4-month-old infant.
  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of thoracic ultrasound and bronchoscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 4-month-old infant with symptoms suggestive of CLE.
  • Diagnostic imaging including thoracic ultrasound.
  • Bronchoscopy to evaluate the bronchial tree.

Main Results:

  • Thoracic ultrasound revealed left upper lobe hyperinflation with mediastinal displacement.
  • Bronchoscopy showed bronchial tree thickening consistent with left upper lobe emphysema.
  • The infant presented with shortness of breath, wheezing, and weight deficit.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital lobar emphysema can present later in infancy.
  • Thoracic ultrasound and bronchoscopy are valuable tools for diagnosing CLE.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing infant respiratory distress.

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