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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

481
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
481
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

792
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
792
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
656
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

827
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
827
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

557
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
557

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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

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Tuberculous pyelonephritis in children: three case reports.

Nimisha Arora1, Abhijeet Saha1, Manpreet Kaur2

  • 1a Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics , Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children Hospital , New Delhi , India.

Paediatrics and International Child Health
|November 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculous pyelonephritis is a rare childhood kidney infection. Early diagnosis and anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT) are crucial for managing this condition, even in disseminated cases.

Keywords:
ATTTuberculous pyelonephritischildren

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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Tuberculous pyelonephritis is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis in children.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, especially in the absence of typical urinary tract infection symptoms.

Observation:

  • Three pediatric cases of tuberculous pyelonephritis are presented, highlighting varied clinical presentations.
  • Diagnostic modalities included ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), Mantoux testing, and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
  • One case progressed to non-functioning kidney requiring nephrectomy despite initial anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT).

Findings:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from urine in one case.
  • Disseminated tuberculosis was confirmed in two cases, involving lymph nodes and central nervous system.
  • Successful treatment with ATT was observed in two cases, while one required surgical intervention.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider tuberculous pyelonephritis in children with persistent urinary tract infection symptoms, sterile urine, or co-existing tuberculosis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate anti-tuberculous treatment are essential to prevent renal damage and disseminated disease.
  • Radiological imaging and microbiological investigations play a vital role in confirming the diagnosis.