Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Production and Characterization of Vacuum Deposited Organic Light Emitting Diodes
07:44

Production and Characterization of Vacuum Deposited Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Published on: November 16, 2018

9.4K

THz emission from organic cocrystalline salt: 2, 6-diaminopyridinium-4-nitrophenolate-4-nitrophenol

Chien-Ming Tu, Li-Hsien Chou, Yi-Cheng Chen

    Optics Express
    |November 3, 2017
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach14:11

    Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

    Published on: June 10, 2021

    6.8K
    Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS06:34

    Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS

    Published on: June 20, 2014

    14.4K

    Related Concept Videos

    1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

    1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

    Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
    5.0K
    Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

    Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

    Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
    3.4K
    1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

    1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

    Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
    The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
    4.0K
    ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

    ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

    All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
    7.7K
    2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

    2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

    Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
    5.5K
    Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN101:14

    Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN1

    Treating arylamines with nitrous acid gives aryldiazonium salts that are effective substrates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The diazonio group in these salts can be easily displaced by different nucleophiles, yielding a wide variety of substituted benzenes. The leaving group departs as nitrogen gas, and this easy elimination is the driving force for the substitution reaction.
    In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo,...
    2.8K