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Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
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Note: A simple system for low-temperature experiments in a large-volume multi-anvil press.

W Yong1, R A Secco1

  • 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.

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A novel, simplified cooling system for a 3000-ton multi-anvil press achieves sub-room temperatures using liquid nitrogen. This design is easier to use and maintain while offering comparable cooling performance to previous systems.

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Area of Science:

  • High-pressure physics
  • Materials science
  • Cryogenic engineering

Background:

  • Multi-anvil presses are crucial for simulating deep Earth conditions.
  • Achieving sub-room temperatures at high pressures is challenging.
  • Existing cooling systems can be complex and difficult to operate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simplified and user-friendly cooling system for a 3000-ton multi-anvil press.
  • To enable experiments at temperatures below room temperature under high-pressure conditions.
  • To maintain or improve cooling efficiency compared to previous designs.

Main Methods:

  • A new system design utilizing a steel ring around module wedges.
  • Incorporation of liquid nitrogen (LN2) flow to flood the pressure module interior.
  • Use of O-rings for sealing LN2 while allowing press compression.

Main Results:

  • The system successfully achieved temperatures around 220 K.
  • The design is simpler, easier to fabricate, and more user-friendly.
  • Cooling capability is comparable to previous, more complex designs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cooling system effectively provides sub-room temperatures for high-pressure experiments.
  • The simplified design enhances practicality and accessibility for researchers.
  • Thermal equilibrium is achieved through a balance of heat removal and influx.