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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
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[Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1: a case report].

Álvaro Bellido-Caparó1, Jorge Espinoza-Ríos1, Víctor Aguilar1

  • 1Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú.

Revista De Gastroenterologia Del Peru : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad De Gastroenterologia Del Peru
|November 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1 (AIP), a manifestation of IgG4-related disease, often presents as obstructive jaundice. Diagnosis requires meeting the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC), including imaging and serology.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1 (AIP) is the pancreatic manifestation of IgG4-related disease.
  • Obstructive jaundice is the most frequent presentation of AIP.
  • The International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC) are used for definitive diagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 52-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis presented with abdominal pain, jaundice, acholia, xerophthalmia, xerostomia, and weight loss.
  • Physical examination revealed jaundice, enlarged submandibular glands, and epigastric pain.
  • Laboratory tests showed cholestasis with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia.

Findings:

  • CT Abdominal and CMR imaging demonstrated a dilated common bile duct and diffuse pancreatic enlargement with delayed enhancement.
  • Immunological studies revealed elevated IgG4 levels (610 u/l) and a positive ANA (1/640).
  • The patient showed significant clinical and laboratory improvement following steroid treatment.

Implications:

  • Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1 should be suspected in patients with obstructive jaundice and pancreatic inflammatory imaging.
  • Fulfilling the complete ICDC is crucial for the definitive diagnosis of AIP.
  • Early diagnosis and steroid treatment can lead to favorable outcomes in AIP.