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Published on: August 2, 2024
PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Treatment: Are We on the Right Track?
Maria Luisa Gasparri1,2, Erlisa Bardhi1, Ilary Ruscito1
1Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
The high recurrence rate and the low overall survival in ovarian cancer suggest that a more specific therapeutic approach in addition to conventional treatment is required. Translational and clinical research is investigating new molecular targets in order to find an alternative way to affect tumor growth and to minimize the overlap of toxicity of antiblastic agents. Given its implication in many cellular activities including regulation of cell growth, motility, survival, proliferation, protein synthesis, autophagy, transcription, as well as angiogenesis, PI3K/AKT/mTOR is one of the most investigated intracellular signaling pathways. A dis-regulation of this pathway has been shown in several tumors, including ovarian cancer. In this setting, mTor proteins represent a potential target for inhibitors, which could ultimately play a pivotal role in counteracting cellular proliferation. Recently, mTor inhibitors have been approved in the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, mantle cell lymphoma and renal cancer. Clinical trials have assessed the safety of these drugs in ovarian cancer patients. Ongoing phase I and II studies are evaluating the oncologic outcome of mTor inhibitor treatment and its effect in combination with conventional chemotherapy and target agents.
Insights
Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway with mTor inhibitors offers a promising strategy to improve outcomes for ovarian cancer patients. These targeted therapies aim to reduce tumor growth and minimize side effects, addressing the limitations of conventional treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Ovarian cancer exhibits high recurrence rates and low survival, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies beyond conventional treatments.
- The PI3K/AKT/mTOR intracellular signaling pathway is frequently dysregulated in various cancers, including ovarian cancer, and plays a critical role in cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis.
- mTOR proteins represent a key target for therapeutic intervention due to their central role in cellular proliferation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway as a specific therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer.
- To evaluate the role of mTor inhibitors in counteracting tumor growth and improving survival in ovarian cancer.
- To assess the safety and efficacy of mTor inhibitors, both as monotherapy and in combination with conventional treatments.
Main Methods:
- Review of translational and clinical research on molecular targets in ovarian cancer.
- Analysis of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway's involvement in ovarian tumorigenesis.
- Examination of clinical trial data assessing mTor inhibitors in ovarian cancer patients.
Main Results:
- Dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is implicated in ovarian cancer development and progression.
- mTor inhibitors have shown promise in preclinical and clinical settings for other cancers.
- Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the safety and oncologic outcomes of mTor inhibitors in ovarian cancer.
Conclusions:
- mTor inhibitors represent a potential targeted therapy for ovarian cancer, offering an alternative to conventional treatments.
- Further clinical investigation, including Phase I and II studies, is crucial to determine the optimal use of mTor inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment regimens.
- Combination therapies involving mTor inhibitors with chemotherapy or other targeted agents warrant continued evaluation for enhanced efficacy.
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