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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
Published on: June 15, 2018
MicroRNA as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiac Remodeling
Chao Chen1, Murugavel Ponnusamy1, Cuiyun Liu1
1Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that contain 18-25 nucleotides. The alterations in their expression level play crucial role in the development of many disorders including heart diseases. Myocardial remodeling is the final pathological consequence of a variety of myocardial diseases. miRNAs have central role in regulating pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling by modulating cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocytes injury, cardiac fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response through multiple mechanisms. The balancing and tight regulation of different miRNAs is a key to drive the cellular events towards functional recovery and any fall in this leads to detrimental effect on cardiac function following various insults. In this review, we discuss the impact of alterations of miRNAs expression on cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocytes injury, cardiac fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response. We have also described the targets (receptors, signaling molecules, transcription factors, etc.) of miRNAs on which they act to promote or attenuate cardiac remodeling processes in different type cells of cardiac tissues.
Insights
Altered microRNA (miRNA) expression significantly impacts heart disease development. This review explores how miRNAs regulate myocardial remodeling, affecting cardiac hypertrophy, injury, fibrosis, and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) involved in gene regulation.
- Dysregulated miRNA expression is implicated in various diseases, particularly heart diseases.
- Myocardial remodeling, a pathological consequence of heart diseases, involves complex cellular changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical role of microRNAs in regulating myocardial remodeling.
- To elucidate how miRNAs modulate cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte injury, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.
- To identify miRNA targets that influence cardiac remodeling processes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating microRNA expression and function in cardiac diseases.
- Analysis of mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate key aspects of myocardial remodeling.
- Identification and categorization of miRNA targets within cardiac tissues.
Main Results:
- miRNAs are central regulators of myocardial remodeling, influencing cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte injury, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.
- Aberrant miRNA expression can lead to detrimental effects on cardiac function.
- Specific miRNAs target receptors, signaling molecules, and transcription factors to modulate remodeling.
Conclusions:
- Maintaining balanced miRNA expression is crucial for cardiac functional recovery after injury.
- Understanding miRNA roles and targets offers potential therapeutic strategies for heart diseases.
- miRNAs represent key players in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of myocardial remodeling.
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