Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

4.7K
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
4.7K
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

3.9K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
3.9K
Brainstem01:19

Brainstem

6.9K
The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
6.9K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

3.7K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
3.7K
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

6.4K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
6.4K
Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla01:21

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

4.5K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: Nerve fibre organisation in the human optic nerve and chiasm: what do we really know?

Eye (London, England)·2025
Same author

Isla Williams, MD, MBBS, DO, FRACP, FRCPE (1934-2024).

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society·2025
Same author

Photic drive response in people with epilepsy: Exploring the interaction with background alpha rhythm.

Vision research·2025
Same author

Nerve fibre organisation in the human optic nerve and chiasm: what do we really know?

Eye (London, England)·2024
Same author

The use of event-related potentials in the investigation of cognitive performance in people with Multiple Sclerosis: Systematic review.

Brain research·2024
Same author

Evaluating Effects of Resting-State Electroencephalography Data Pre-Processing on a Machine Learning Task for Parkinson's Disease.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

570

Central control of eye movements.

Jonathan J D Baird-Gunning1,2, Christian J Lueck1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, The Canberra Hospital.

Current Opinion in Neurology
|November 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Eye movement research, focusing on saccadic eye movements like antisaccades and microsaccades, offers insights into motor control. Studies reveal correlations between microsaccade activity, brain function, and conditions like Parkinson's disease and stroke.

More Related Videos

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

13.3K
Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
07:30

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum

Published on: March 21, 2019

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

570
VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

13.3K
Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
07:30

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum

Published on: March 21, 2019

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Motor Control Research

Background:

  • Eye movements are crucial for understanding central motor control in both healthy individuals and those with neurological conditions.
  • Saccadic eye movements, including antisaccades and microsaccades, are key areas of study.
  • The control of inaction, or the suppression of unwanted movements, is a recently topical area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings in eye-movement research, specifically concerning saccadic eye movements.
  • To emphasize the role of microsaccades and antisaccades in understanding motor control.
  • To explore the control of inaction through the lens of eye-movement studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on saccadic eye movements, antisaccades, and microsaccades.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the neural control of eye movements.
  • Examination of eye movement abnormalities in neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and stroke.

Main Results:

  • Microsaccades are controlled by the cerebral cortex, with their frequency and direction influenced by visual stimuli and correlated with gamma-band activity and heart rate.
  • Abnormalities in saccade suppression are observed in Parkinson's disease, correlating with gait freezing, postural instability, and cognitive changes.
  • In stroke patients, aberrant saccade patterns are linked to impaired reaching performance with the affected limb.

Conclusions:

  • Eye-movement studies provide valuable insights into general movement control.
  • These studies are particularly effective in elucidating the mechanisms of suppressing unwanted movements.
  • Research on saccadic eye movements continues to advance our understanding of motor function and neurological disorders.