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Neurodevelopmental Disorders in the PICU Population

Sarah A Sobotka1, Sarah Peters1, Neethi P Pinto1

  • 11 University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Clinical Pediatrics
|November 4, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) have a high rate of undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early identification and support are crucial for this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Child psychology

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 11% of children and adolescents, increasing risks for injury and illness.
  • The prevalence of ADHD and other developmental disorders in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) remains understudied.
  • Children with neurodevelopmental disorders may be more susceptible to the impacts of critical illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders in children admitted to a PICU.
  • To understand the baseline neurodevelopmental status of critically ill children.
  • To inform future support strategies for this population.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, prospective cohort study was conducted.
  • Children aged 6 to 12 years hospitalized in the PICU were enrolled.
  • Parental interviews regarding neurodevelopmental history and validated ADHD/behavioral disorder screening tools were used.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-four children were enrolled in the study.
  • Ten patients (42%) had a pre-existing neurodevelopmental diagnosis.
  • Seven patients (29%) met the study criteria for ADHD at enrollment.

Conclusions:

  • Critically ill children in the PICU exhibit a high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disabilities.
  • These children are at increased risk for adverse developmental and behavioral outcomes following critical illness.
  • Further research is essential to develop targeted interventions for this vulnerable group.

Keywords:
ADHDPICU follow-upbehavioral disordersdevelopmental disorderspediatric critical illness

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