Hypertension and Exercise Training: Evidence from Clinical Studies
Ivana C Moraes-Silva1, Cristiano Teixeira Mostarda2, Antonio Carlos Silva-Filho2
1Laboratory of Experimental Hypertension, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ivanacms@gmail.com.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 4, 2017
Summary
Regular exercise training is a crucial non-pharmacological approach for managing hypertension. It effectively lowers blood pressure and improves cardiovascular health, complementing medical treatments.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Exercise Physiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hypertension affects over one billion people globally, significantly increasing the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.
- Chronic high blood pressure leads to severe organ damage, particularly affecting the heart, kidneys, brain, and eyes.
- Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor, with lifestyle interventions playing a key role in its management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the beneficial effects of various exercise training modalities on the cardiovascular system in primary hypertension.
- To elucidate the mechanisms through which exercise training influences blood pressure control.
- To highlight exercise as a complementary strategy for hypertension management and overall health improvement.
Main Methods:
- Review of classical and recent scientific literature on exercise training and hypertension.
- Focus on studies examining the cardiovascular effects of different exercise modalities.
- Analysis of mechanisms underlying exercise-induced blood pressure reduction.
Main Results:
- Consistent evidence supports exercise training as a potent intervention for chronic diseases, including hypertension.
- Exercise training demonstrates clinical relevance and efficacy in lowering blood pressure levels.
- Prescribed exercise training positively impacts the cardiovascular system in individuals with primary hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Exercise training offers significant benefits beyond blood pressure reduction, enhancing overall health and quality of life.
- Non-pharmacological methods like exercise training are vital complements to pharmacological treatments for optimal hypertension control.
- Regular, properly prescribed exercise acts as a valuable therapeutic tool for managing hypertension and its associated cardiovascular risks.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
4.7K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
4.7K
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
636
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
636
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
2.2K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
2.2K
01:29Hypertension II: Pathophysiology
1.1K
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
1.1K
01:18Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
4.5K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
4.5K
01:17Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers
2.1K
β1-receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. In cardiac myocytes, these receptors interact with neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic nervous system during heightened activity or danger. As a result, β1-receptors get activated, initiating a series of biochemical processes. Excessive activation of beta receptors due to chronic stress can abnormally increase heart rate and contractility, resulting in high blood pressure or hypertension. To counteract this,...
2.1K