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Regulation of circulating chromogranin B levels in heart failure

Felix M Heidrich1, Carolin Melz1, Mimi S Buechau1

  • 1a Technische Universität Dresden , Heart Center Dresden University Hospital , Dresden , Germany.

Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals
|November 4, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Chromogranin B (CGB) is elevated in heart failure (HF) patients, reflecting myocardial stress and neuro-endocrine activation. CGB levels decrease after mitral valve repair, indicating its potential as a heart failure biomarker.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Heart Failure Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chromogranin B (CGB) influences B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) production.
  • Elevated CGB levels are observed in heart failure (HF) models and patients, and also in healthy individuals after physical activity.
  • CGB may integrate signals of myocardial stress and systemic neuro-endocrine activation, but its regulation in HF requires further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Chromogranin B (CGB) levels in patients with acute and chronic heart failure (HF).
  • To assess the correlation of CGB with HF severity, cardiac structure, and N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP).
  • To evaluate the impact of mitral valve repair on CGB levels in chronic HF with mitral regurgitation (cHF-MR).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective registry study of 372 patients, including acute HF, chronic valvular HF, and controls.
  • Measurement of plasma CGB and N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) levels.
  • Analysis of CGB levels in relation to HF type, severity (NYHA class), valvular lesion (mitral regurgitation vs. aortic stenosis), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), LV mass, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • CGB levels were significantly increased in acute and chronic HF patients, with higher levels in chronic valvular HF.
  • Patients with severe mitral regurgitation (cHF-MR) had higher CGB than those with severe aortic stenosis.
  • CGB levels correlated with NYHA functional status and NT-proBNP, but were independent of LVEF, LV mass, age, and body weight.
  • Successful mitral valve repair in cHF-MR patients led to significant reductions in CGB levels.

Conclusions:

  • Chromogranin B (CGB) is a promising biomarker in heart failure (HF).
  • CGB uniquely integrates information regarding myocardial stress and neuro-endocrine activation in HF patients.
  • CGB levels may serve as an indicator of HF severity and response to treatment, particularly after valve repair.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chromogranin Bbiomarkerheart failure

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