VEGF stimulated the angiogenesis by promoting the mitochondrial functions

Area of Science:

• Cell Biology
• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) signaling is crucial for angiogenesis, a process vital in development and implicated in diseases like cancer and intraocular neovascular disorders.
• Targeting the VEGF pathway is a key therapeutic strategy for various angiogenic disorders.
• Understanding the precise mechanisms of VEGF action on endothelial cells is essential for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of VEGF on endothelial cell behavior, including proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression.
• To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which VEGF influences endothelial cells.
• To explore the role of mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in VEGF-mediated angiogenesis.

Main Methods:

• Endothelial cell culture and treatment with VEGF.
• Assessment of cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle using standard assays.
• Measurement of mitochondrial function, including oxidative respiration and ATP production.
• Analysis of ROS levels and the expression of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, GPX1).
• Investigation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway activation and inhibition using rapamycin.

Main Results:

• VEGF significantly promoted endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression.
• VEGF induced in vitro tube formation, indicating pro-angiogenic effects.
• VEGF enhanced mitochondrial function, increasing oxidative respiration and intracellular ATP levels.
• VEGF stimulation led to decreased ROS production and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, GPX1).
• VEGF activated the mTOR signaling pathway, which was essential for promoting mitochondrial function and cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

• VEGF plays a significant role in promoting angiogenesis by enhancing endothelial cell functions and mitochondrial activity.
• The mTOR signaling pathway mediates VEGF's effects on endothelial cells and mitochondrial function.
• Mitochondria represent a novel therapeutic target for managing VEGF-driven angiogenic vascular disorders.