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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
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The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
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The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

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Segregated Systems of Human Brain Networks.

Gagan S Wig1

  • 1Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|November 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The human brain

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Brain function relies on complex network organization.
  • Large-scale brain networks comprise segregated subnetworks of interacting brain regions.
  • Resting-state network architecture offers insights into functional significance of subnetworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on how segregated brain systems contribute to brain network properties.
  • To elucidate the role of system segregation in functional specialization, adaptability, and resilience of the human brain.
  • To explore the interplay between system segregation and integration in brain networks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature synthesis of accumulating evidence.
  • Analysis of resting-state network architecture.
Keywords:
agingconnectomedevelopmentdiseasedynamicsgraph theoryresting state

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  • Examination of brain network organization and its functional implications.

    • Main Results:

    • Segregated brain systems enhance functional specialization of the human brain network.
    • System segregation supports adaptability to varying task demands.
    • Maintained segregation contributes to brain network resilience following focal brain damage.

    Conclusions:

    • System segregation, alongside integration, confers unique and critical features to brain networks.
    • The organization supporting segregation is harmonious with properties promoting network integration.
    • Segregated brain systems are central to human brain function and behavior.