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A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes
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Tendon Pathology in Hypercholesterolemia and Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Brittany Taylor1, Adnan Cheema1, Louis Soslowsky2

  • 1McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Stemmler Hall 36th Street and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|November 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

High cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) increases tendon stiffness and impairs healing by altering tissue properties. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of cholesterol-lowering drugs on tendon health.

Keywords:
Familial hypercholesterolemiaHypercholesterolemiaStatinsTendon pathologyxanthomas

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical science
  • Orthopedics
  • Metabolic disease research

Background:

  • Hypercholesterolemia (HC), characterized by high cholesterol levels, stems from diet, comorbidities, or genetic factors like familial hypercholesterolemia (FHC).
  • Existing research indicates a correlation between hypercholesterolemia and increased susceptibility to tendon injuries and delayed healing.
  • The precise mechanisms by which elevated cholesterol impacts tendon biochemistry, biomechanics, and the healing milieu are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific literature on the relationship between hypercholesterolemia and tendon pathology.
  • To examine the effects of high cholesterol on cellular and tissue-level tendon properties.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for tendinopathy in hypercholesterolemic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific findings.
  • Analysis of cellular and tissue-level data.
  • Synthesis of information on hypercholesterolemia and tendon health.

Main Results:

  • Hypercholesterolemia promotes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulates matrix-degrading proteins.
  • These molecular changes result in increased tendon stiffness and elastic modulus.
  • The influence of hypercholesterolemia medications, such as statins, on tendon pathology requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the link between high cholesterol and tendon pathology is crucial for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
  • Improved insights can lead to enhanced imaging techniques for tendinopathy.
  • Targeted therapeutics for tendinopathy in patients with hypercholesterolemia may be developed based on this knowledge.