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Associations Between Microbiota, Mitochondrial Function, and Cognition in Chronic Marijuana Users.

Jun Panee1, Mariana Gerschenson2, Linda Chang3

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street BSB 222, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA. junchen@hawaii.edu.

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on Neuroimmune Pharmacology
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Summary

Chronic marijuana use alters gut bacteria and mitochondrial function, potentially impacting cognitive performance. These changes may be linked to dietary habits in marijuana users.

Keywords:
BacteroidesCognitionDietMarijuanaMicrobiotaMitochondriaPrevotella

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Marijuana (MJ) use is linked to cognitive deficits.
  • Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction and gut dysbiosis are also implicated in cognitive impairment.
  • The interplay between MJ use, gut microbiota, mt function, and cognition requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between chronic MJ use, peripheral blood mononuclear cells' (PBMCs) mt function, and fecal microbiota composition.
  • To determine if these factors are associated with cognitive performance in MJ users and non-users.

Main Methods:

  • Cognitive function was assessed using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.
  • PBMCs' mt function (ATP production, respiration) was measured using a Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer.
  • Fecal microbiota analysis quantified Prevotella and Bacteroides abundances.

Main Results:

  • MJ users exhibited a lower Prevotella:Bacteroides ratio compared to non-users.
  • Lifetime MJ use correlated inversely with the Prevotella:Bacteroides ratio, mt function, and specific cognitive measures (e.g., Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention).
  • Prevotella abundance positively correlated with mt function and several cognitive scores in MJ users, while Bacteroides showed inverse correlations.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic MJ use is associated with significant alterations in gut microbiota and mt function.
  • These physiological changes may contribute to the observed cognitive deficits in MJ users.
  • Dietary factors, such as reduced intake of fruits and vegetables, may underlie these MJ-associated alterations.