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Related Concept Videos

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Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Related Experiment Video

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Probiotics in Gut-Bone Signaling.

Jonathan D Schepper1, Regina Irwin1, Jun Kang1

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Probiotics, live microorganisms conferring health benefits, show potential in preventing and treating bone loss by improving gut health. This review explores their definition, effects on bone health, and mechanisms of action.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome influences systemic health, including bone metabolism.
  • Osteoporosis is a significant health concern linked to intestinal dysbiosis.
  • Probiotics are live microorganisms with demonstrated health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, history, and types of probiotics.
  • To examine the impact of probiotics on bone health.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which probiotics prevent bone pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of human and animal studies.
  • Analysis of probiotic effects on intestinal health and bone density.
  • Exploration of molecular and cellular pathways involved.

Main Results:

  • Probiotics positively influence intestinal health.
  • Evidence suggests probiotics can mitigate bone loss.
  • Specific probiotic strains show promise in therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotics represent a promising therapeutic strategy for bone health.
  • Further research into probiotic mechanisms is warranted.
  • Targeting the gut-bone axis offers new avenues for osteoporosis management.