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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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A Sweet Deal for Diabetes.

Matteo Villa1, Jing Qiu1, Erika L Pearce2

  • 1Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; These authors contributed equally to this work.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|November 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mannose, a sugar, can generate regulatory T cells (Tregs). This discovery challenges the view of sugars as solely pathogenic in diabetes, offering new therapeutic avenues for autoimmune diabetes.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasefatty acid oxidationlatent TGF-βmannosereactive oxygen speciesregulatory T cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Sugars are often implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
  • The role of specific sugars in immune regulation remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of mannose.
  • To determine if mannose can influence the development of autoimmune diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of mannose to mouse models.
  • Assessment of regulatory T cell (Treg) generation.
  • Monitoring of autoimmune diabetes onset and progression.

Main Results:

  • Mannose was shown to induce the generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells.
  • Mannose administration prevented the onset of autoimmune diabetes in susceptible mice.
  • Mannose also halted disease progression in mice with new-onset autoimmune diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Mannose possesses immunoregulatory properties through Treg cell induction.
  • These findings challenge the conventional understanding of sugars in diabetes pathogenesis.
  • Mannose represents a potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diabetes.