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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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Development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for Rhodococcus equi.

Fabien Duquesne1, Emilie Houssin1, Corinne Sévin2

  • 1ANSES, Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Bacteriology and Parasitology Unit, 14430 Dozulé, France.

Veterinary Microbiology
|November 7, 2017
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Summary

A new multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme characterizes Rhodococcus equi, revealing a clonal population structure and genetic diversity. This tool aids in understanding R. equi epidemiology and outbreaks in animals and humans.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyIntracellular pathogenMLSTRhodococcus equi

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Population Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rhodococcus equi causes significant infections in animals and humans, impacting the horse-breeding industry.
  • The global diversity and population structure of R. equi are poorly understood despite its economic importance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for Rhodococcus equi.
  • To characterize the population structure, genetic diversity, and epidemiology of R. equi.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an MLST scheme using 89 clinical and environmental R. equi isolates and eight Rhodococcus sp.
  • Analyzed sequence types (STs) and grouped them into clonal complexes (CCs).
  • Examined plasmid-type specificity and genetic variability within isolates.

Main Results:

  • Observed a clonal R. equi population with 16 out of 37 STs forming six CCs.
  • Identified CC3 as non-host-specific, suggesting reservoir exchange.
  • Found marked genetic variability within isolates, even within the same animal.
  • Indicated potential contagious transmission in an equine outbreak and a porcine outbreak.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MLST scheme is a powerful tool for R. equi epidemiological investigations.
  • Understanding R. equi population biology is crucial for disease control.
  • The study highlights the genetic diversity and potential for transmission of R. equi across different hosts and environments.