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Talking about Looks.
1Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Review of Philosophy and Psychology
|November 7, 2017
Summary
This study examines the word "looks," distinguishing epistemic, comparative, and phenomenal uses. It argues phenomenal "looks" describes objects via relational properties tied to visual experiences, supporting phenomenal intentionalism.
Area of Science:
- Philosophy of Language
- Philosophy of Mind
- Philosophy of Perception
Background:
- Natural language use of 'looks' traditionally distinguished into epistemic, comparative, and phenomenal.
- Polysemy offers a unified account of these distinct uses of 'looks'.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the semantics of epistemic, comparative, and phenomenal 'looks'.
- Analyze the connection between phenomenal 'looks', visual experience content, and the metaphysics of looks.
- Evaluate the implications for phenomenal intentionalism.
Main Methods:
- Linguistic analysis of natural language use of 'looks'.
- Philosophical argumentation regarding the semantics of 'looks' and propositional attitudes.
- Critique of existing philosophical accounts (e.g., Jackson, Byrne).
Main Results:
- Endorses a polysemous view of 'looks'.
- Argues phenomenal 'looks' ascribes relational properties to objects, not propositional attitudes.
- Proposes these relational properties are phenomenal, involving experiences.
- Addresses compositionality and predicate range for phenomenal 'looks'.
Conclusions:
- Phenomenal 'looks' are best understood as phenomenal relational properties involving experiences.
- Supports phenomenal intentionalism: experiences are propositional attitudes with phenomenal looks-contents.
- 'Looks' talk, especially phenomenal use, provides evidence for phenomenal intentionalism.
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