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Related Concept Videos

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
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Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Published on: May 10, 2024

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Current concepts in eosinophilic esophagitis.

Dagmar Simon1, Alex Straumann2, Alain M Schoepfer3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.

Allergo Journal International
|November 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a growing condition causing esophageal dysfunction due to eosinophil buildup. Recent research improves understanding of its causes and offers new treatment avenues.

Keywords:
Barrier dysfunctionDietEosinophilic esophagitisEosinophilsT‑helper 2 inflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a disease entity first described in the 1990s.
  • Characterized clinically by esophageal dysfunction and histologically by striking eosinophil infiltration.
  • EoE incidence is increasing globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss new aspects of EoE pathogenesis.
  • To review current understanding of EoE symptoms.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for EoE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on EoE.
  • Synthesis of information on EoE pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic options for EoE.

Main Results:

  • EoE affects both children and adults, often linked to atopy and IgE sensitization.
  • Key pathogenetic factors include barrier dysfunction and T-helper 2 inflammation.
  • A PPI-sensitive EoE subtype and EoE-like disorders have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Recent research has enhanced the understanding of EoE's disease spectrum and pathogenesis.
  • Genetic predispositions play a role in EoE development.
  • This improved understanding lays the groundwork for innovative EoE treatment approaches.