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Asprosin is a centrally acting orexigenic hormone.

Clemens Duerrschmid1, Yanlin He2, Chunmei Wang2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

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Asprosin, a fasting hormone, acts on the brain to stimulate appetite and increase body weight. Neutralizing asprosin in obese mice reduced weight and improved glucose levels, suggesting it’s a therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Metabolic disease research
  • Hormonal regulation of appetite

Background:

  • Asprosin is a fasting-induced hormone known to increase glucose production.
  • The central nervous system's role in regulating appetite and body weight is complex.
  • Understanding novel hormonal pathways is crucial for metabolic disease treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of asprosin in the central nervous system.
  • To determine if asprosin influences appetite and body weight regulation.
  • To explore asprosin as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated asprosin's blood-brain barrier penetration and neuronal activation in mice.
  • Utilized genetic models of asprosin deficiency and overexpression.
  • Administered anti-asprosin monoclonal antibodies to obese mice.

Main Results:

  • Asprosin crosses the blood-brain barrier, activating orexigenic AgRP+ neurons via cAMP signaling.
  • This leads to appetite stimulation and increased adiposity.
  • Genetic asprosin deficiency causes leanness, while elevated levels are found in obesity; antibody neutralization reduced appetite and weight in obese mice.

Conclusions:

  • Asprosin functions as a centrally acting orexigenic hormone.
  • Asprosin plays a dual role in glucose homeostasis and appetite regulation.
  • Asprosin is a promising therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes treatment.