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Related Experiment Video

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Caudate Microstimulation Increases Value of Specific Choices.

Samantha R Santacruz1, Erin L Rich2, Joni D Wallis2

  • 1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|November 7, 2017
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Summary

Electrical stimulation of the basal ganglia (a brain region) in macaques biased decisions by changing stimulus value, not action. This suggests potential for treating decision-making disorders.

Keywords:
caudatedecision-makingmacaque monkeymicrostimulationreinforcement learningstriatumvalue

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Decision-making research
  • Basal ganglia function

Background:

  • Value-based decision-making requires assessing item values and actions.
  • The basal ganglia, particularly the striatum, are crucial for action selection and arbitrating choices.
  • Previous studies linked caudate nucleus activity to action values but couldn't separate value from motor responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how value is represented and maintained in the striatum.
  • To determine if caudate electrical stimulation can bias decision-making independently of motor actions.
  • To explore the potential therapeutic applications of microstimulation for neuropsychiatric conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical microstimulation was applied to the caudate nucleus in macaque monkeys (n=3).
  • A task was designed to decouple stimulus value from motor action requirements.
  • Neural recordings (n=1) were used to assess changes in value-coding neuron activity.

Main Results:

  • Caudate microstimulation increased the selection of the stimulated stimulus in a stimulus-dependent and action-independent manner.
  • The observed behavioral changes were best explained by alterations in stimulus value.
  • Value-coding neuron activity correlated with changes in stimulus value.

Conclusions:

  • Caudate microstimulation can selectively enhance stimulus values, independent of specific motor actions.
  • Unilateral value manipulation in the caudate is sufficient to influence choice behavior.
  • Findings support using microstimulation to address maladaptive plasticity in decision-making disorders.