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Fast anaerobic sludge granulation at elevated salinity.

D Sudmalis1, M C Gagliano2, R Pei1

  • 1Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Water Research
|November 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates that microbial granules can form and remain stable in high salinity wastewater, even at 20 g Na+/L. This finding challenges previous assumptions about salt

Keywords:
Anaerobic sludge granulationHigh salinityMethanosaetaUASB

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Wastewater treatment technologies
  • Bioreactor engineering

Background:

  • High salt concentrations typically inhibit microbial activity in biological wastewater treatment.
  • Anaerobic granules are crucial for reactor performance but are known to disintegrate under high salinity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microbial granule formation from dispersed biomass at high salinity levels (5 and 20 g Na+/L).
  • To assess the stability and performance of microbial granules under saline conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Cultivation of microbial granules from dispersed biomass in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors at varying salinities.
  • Monitoring of organic removal efficiencies and granule stability over 217 days.
  • Microbial community analysis using molecular techniques.

Main Results:

  • High removal efficiencies for soluble influent organics were achieved at both 5 and 20 g Na+/L.
  • Fast and robust microbial granule formation was observed.
  • Stable granule formation was sustained for 217 days, demonstrating feasibility at 20 g Na+/L.
  • Methanosaeta was the dominant methanogen; Streptococcus spp. and Lachnospiraceae were dominant bacteria at 5 and 20 g Na+/L, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Stable microbial granule formation is possible even at high salinity levels (up to 20 g Na+/L).
  • This research challenges the conventional understanding of salt's negative impact on anaerobic granulation.
  • The findings have significant implications for designing and operating wastewater treatment systems in saline environments.