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Faradaic reactions in capacitive deionization (CDI) - problems and possibilities: A review
Changyong Zhang1, Di He2, Jinxing Ma1
1School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Water Research
|November 7, 2017
Summary
Faradaic reactions in capacitive deionization (CDI) impact desalination performance. This review explores their dual effects, offering strategies to mitigate drawbacks and harness benefits for improved water treatment and novel applications.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Materials Science
Background:
- Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a key technology for brackish water desalination.
- Faradaic redox reactions in CDI systems present both challenges and opportunities.
- Understanding these reactions is crucial for optimizing CDI performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the types and mechanisms of Faradaic reactions in CDI.
- To analyze the positive and negative impacts of these reactions on desalination.
- To propose strategies for mitigating detrimental effects and exploring new applications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Faradaic reactions in capacitive deionization.
- Analysis of electrode materials, reaction mechanisms, and system configurations.
- Identification of strategies for performance enhancement and byproduct mitigation.
Main Results:
- Faradaic reactions include electrode oxidation, oxygen reduction, and ion storage.
- Undesired reactions can degrade electrodes and form byproducts.
- Faradaic processes can enhance desalination, enable selective ion separation, and facilitate water disinfection.
Conclusions:
- Mitigation of negative Faradaic effects is achievable through material and operational strategies.
- Faradaic reactions unlock advanced CDI applications beyond simple desalination.
- Further research into controlled Faradaic processes can revolutionize water treatment.
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