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Related Concept Videos

Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

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The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
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Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
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Remyelination modulators in multiple sclerosis patients.

Rabeah Al-Temaimi1, Jehad AbuBaker2, Irina Al-Khairi2

  • 1Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology
|November 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and higher lipocalin2 (LCN2) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) are linked to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) development. Insulin growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) may indicate MS in females.

Keywords:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factorInsulin growth factor binding protein 1Lipocalin 2Multiple sclerosisNeurofilament light chain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Autoimmune Disorders

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-inflammatory disease impacting the central nervous system.
  • Remyelination is crucial for MS plaque resolution, influenced by oligodendrocytes and the microenvironment.
  • Understanding myelination modulators is key to MS pathogenesis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate circulating levels of myelination modulators in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for MS, disease progression, and treatment response.
  • To explore sex-specific differences in MS-related biomarker levels.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed plasma levels of insulin growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and lipocalin2 (LCN2) in 100 MS patients and 77 healthy controls using Luminex multiplex assay.
  • Measured neurofilament light chain (NF-L) levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  • Correlated biomarker levels with clinical data, including sex, treatment, and conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to MS.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited significantly higher IGFBP1, LCN2, and NF-L levels, and lower BDNF levels compared to controls.
  • Elevated IGFBP1 levels were observed specifically in female MS patients.
  • Higher LCN2 levels were found in MS patients treated with fingolimod versus natalizumab; higher NF-L levels predicted CIS conversion to MS.

Conclusions:

  • Low BDNF and elevated LCN2 and NF-L are associated with MS pathogenesis.
  • High IGFBP1 may serve as a female-specific MS biomarker, suggesting sex-based differences in disease progression.
  • LCN2 and NF-L show potential as predictors for natalizumab treatment response and CIS conversion to MS, respectively.