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Surgical Bone Implantation Technique for Rat Tibia Models of Diabetes and Osteoporosis
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Do increased drilling speed and depth affect bone viability at implant site?

Reza Tabrizi1, Ali Dehghani Nazhvanai2, Mohammad Mahdi Farahmand2

  • 1School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Dental Research Journal
|November 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Increasing drilling speed or depth during implant site preparation minimally impacts bone viability. However, higher speeds and depths may significantly reduce the percentage of viable bone cells.

Keywords:
Bonedental implantdrillingvitality

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surgical Procedures

Background:

  • Dental implant site preparation involves drilling, which can affect surrounding bone tissue.
  • Understanding the impact of drilling parameters on bone viability is crucial for successful osseointegration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate how variations in drilling speed and depth influence bone viability during dental implant site preparation.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 100 participants divided into four groups based on drilling parameters (1000/1500 rpm, 10/13 mm depth).
  • Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to assess bone viability.
  • Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey's test compared bone viability across groups.

Main Results:

  • Histological assessment indicated low bone viability across all tested drilling conditions.
  • Mean vital bone percentages ranged from 4.27% to 9.5%, with Group 4 (1500 rpm, 13 mm) showing the lowest percentage.
  • A statistically significant difference (P=0.001) in mean bone viability was observed among the four groups.

Conclusions:

  • Neither increased drilling speed nor depth alone significantly altered mean bone viability.
  • Simultaneous increases in both drilling speed and depth appeared to decrease the percentage of viable bone cells.
  • These findings suggest careful consideration of drilling parameters is necessary to preserve bone vitality during implant surgery.